MeshTerm/meshterm/services/device_state.py

"""The session's device-state cache: read the radio once, reuse it everywhere.

Opening a screen used to re-read the same stable facts from the companion every time —
the contacts table, the node's own self-info, the path-hash routing width, the configured
channel slots, the channel-slot capacity. Over Bluetooth each of those is a full
request→reply round-trip, and the channel-slot reads dominate: ``get_contacts`` on a busy
node (hundreds of contacts), the slot probe (:func:`~meshterm.ui.channels.read_channel_slots`)
and the capacity probe (:meth:`~meshterm.core.connection.Device.channel_capacity`) each walk
the slot table one index at a time and are measured in *seconds* on firmware that never
rejects an out-of-range index. Firing them on every navigation is what made moving between
screens feel like it stalled.

None of that data actually changes mid-navigation:

* **self-info** and **path-hash mode** change only when the config editor writes them;
* **channel slots** change only when the channel editor saves one;
* **channel-slot capacity** is a fixed firmware build constant — it never changes at all
  within a connection, so it is simply held for the session and only dropped on a reconnect;
* **contacts** grow as the mesh advertises, but a minute-stale list is harmless — the app
  already resolves names from recorded history too.

So this service reads each fact once, holds it for the session, and hands screens the cached
copy instantly. The two rules that keep the cache honest:

* **Contacts** use *stale-while-revalidate*: a read past :data:`_CONTACTS_TTL_S` returns the
  cached list immediately and refreshes it in the background, so navigation is never blocked
  on the slow call, yet newly-heard contacts still appear within a TTL of the next screen.
* Everything else is held until an in-app write **invalidates** it (see
  :meth:`invalidate_self_info`, :meth:`invalidate_channels`, …); the writer is the only thing
  that can change it, so it is also the only thing that needs to drop the cache.

The cache is transport-agnostic — it sits above :meth:`~meshterm.context.AppContext.device`,
so serial sessions get the same win (smaller, since serial round-trips are faster) and the
``--mock`` simulator is simply always fast. It is cleared wholesale on a reconnect (see
:meth:`reset`), since a fresh link should re-read the truth.
"""

from __future__ import annotations

import asyncio
import time
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from ..core.models import Contact
    from ..context import AppContext
    from ..ui.channels import ChannelSlot

#: How long a cached contacts list is served before a read triggers a background refresh
#: (seconds). Contacts only grow as the mesh advertises, and the list is a naming/addressing
#: convenience the app also fills from recorded history — so a slightly stale copy costs
#: nothing, while re-reading the (slow) table on every screen open cost seconds. A read past
#: this age still returns instantly from cache; the refresh happens behind it.
_CONTACTS_TTL_S = 90.0


class DeviceState:
    """Session-scoped cache of the stable facts screens read from the companion on open.

    Held on the :class:`~meshterm.context.AppContext` as ``ctx.devstate`` and created idle;
    each getter fetches from the device on first use (opening the connection via
    :meth:`AppContext.device` if needed) and serves the cached value thereafter. The getters
    mirror the contract of the underlying :class:`~meshterm.core.connection.Device` methods —
    :meth:`contacts` and :meth:`self_info` raise on a failed first fetch (their callers either
    handle it or let it surface), :meth:`path_hash_mode` likewise so its optional-read callers
    can fall back — so a call site can swap ``device.get_x()`` for ``ctx.devstate.x()`` without
    changing how it handles failure.
    """

    def __init__(self, ctx: "AppContext") -> None:
        """Initialize an empty cache bound to an application context.

        Args:
            ctx: The shared application context, used to reach the device and to log. No
                device is opened until a getter is first called.
        """
        self._ctx = ctx
        self._contacts: Optional[list["Contact"]] = None
        self._contacts_at: float = 0.0
        self._self_info: Optional[dict] = None
        self._path_hash_mode: Optional[int] = None
        self._channels: Optional[list["ChannelSlot"]] = None
        self._channel_capacity: Optional[int] = None
        # One lock per slow fetch so overlapping first-access callers (two screens opened in
        # quick succession) collapse onto a single round-trip instead of each firing their own.
        self._contacts_lock = asyncio.Lock()
        self._self_info_lock = asyncio.Lock()
        self._channels_lock = asyncio.Lock()
        self._capacity_lock = asyncio.Lock()
        self._tasks: set[asyncio.Task] = set()

    # -- contacts (stale-while-revalidate) --------------------------------------

    async def contacts(self, *, force: bool = False) -> list["Contact"]:
        """Return the device's contacts, cached for the session and refreshed lazily.

        The first call reads the table from the radio (a slow round-trip on a busy node) and
        holds it. Later calls return the cached list *immediately*; once it is older than
        :data:`_CONTACTS_TTL_S` a read also kicks off a background refresh, so the list stays
        current without ever blocking navigation on the slow call.

        Args:
            force: Re-read from the device now (blocking), bypassing the cache — for the rare
                caller that needs the freshest possible list.

        Returns:
            The device's contacts. Raises like
            :meth:`~meshterm.core.connection.Device.get_contacts` if the *first* fetch fails
            (a background refresh failure is swallowed, leaving the last good list in place).
        """
        if force:
            return await self._fetch_contacts(force=True)
        if self._contacts is None:
            return await self._fetch_contacts()
        if time.monotonic() - self._contacts_at > _CONTACTS_TTL_S:
            self._spawn(self._refresh_contacts_quietly())
        return self._contacts

    async def _fetch_contacts(self, *, force: bool = False) -> list["Contact"]:
        """Read the contacts table from the device and cache it (blocking, deduplicated).

        Args:
            force: Fetch unconditionally. When ``False``, a caller that refreshed the cache
                while this one waited for the lock reuses that fresh result rather than issuing
                a second identical round-trip.
        """
        async with self._contacts_lock:
            if not force and self._contacts is not None and (
                time.monotonic() - self._contacts_at <= _CONTACTS_TTL_S
            ):
                return self._contacts
            device = await self._ctx.device()
            self._contacts = await self._remember_and_merge(await device.get_contacts())
            self._contacts_at = time.monotonic()
            return self._contacts

    async def _remember_and_merge(self, fetched: list["Contact"]) -> list["Contact"]:
        """Record the contacts just read, then union in any the device has since forgotten.

        A firmware-less radio bridge loses its contact table on restart, so MeshTerm remembers
        every contact it reads (keyed by the device's own public key) and merges the missing ones
        back into the list — leaving a firmware radio, which reports its whole table, untouched
        (see :mod:`meshterm.core.contact_store`). Best-effort: a store or self-info hiccup just
        returns the live list unchanged, never blocking the read.
        """
        store = getattr(self._ctx, "contact_store", None)
        if store is None:
            return fetched
        from ..core.contact_store import merge_contacts

        try:
            pubkey = str((await self.self_info()).get("public_key") or "")
        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001 - never block a contacts read on the store
            self._ctx.log.debug("devstate: contact remember/merge skipped: %s", exc)
            return fetched
        if not pubkey:
            return fetched
        store.remember_all(pubkey, fetched)
        return merge_contacts(store, pubkey, fetched)

    async def _refresh_contacts_quietly(self) -> None:
        """Background contacts refresh: update the cache, swallow a failure (keep the old list)."""
        try:
            await self._fetch_contacts()
        except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001 - a stale list is fine; never surface here
            self._ctx.log.debug("devstate: background contacts refresh failed: %s", exc)

    # -- self-info (held until an in-app write invalidates it) ------------------

    async def self_info(self) -> dict:
        """Return the node's own self-info, cached until the config editor invalidates it.

        Returns:
            The self-info payload (identity, radio tuning, coordinates, tx power). Raises like
            :meth:`~meshterm.core.connection.Device.get_self_info` if the fetch fails; the
            failure is not cached, so the next call retries.
        """
        if self._self_info is None:
            async with self._self_info_lock:
                if self._self_info is None:
                    device = await self._ctx.device()
                    self._self_info = dict(await device.get_self_info())
        return self._self_info

    async def path_hash_mode(self) -> int:
        """Return the device's path-hash routing mode, cached for the session.

        Returns:
            The path-hash mode integer. Raises like
            :meth:`~meshterm.core.connection.Device.get_path_hash_mode` if the read fails, so
            the optional-read callers that wrap this in ``try`` fall back exactly as before.
        """
        if self._path_hash_mode is None:
            device = await self._ctx.device()
            self._path_hash_mode = int(await device.get_path_hash_mode())
        return self._path_hash_mode

    # -- channel slots (held until the channel editor invalidates them) --------

    async def channel_slots(self) -> list["ChannelSlot"]:
        """Return the configured channel slots, cached until a channel edit invalidates them.

        The underlying probe (:func:`~meshterm.ui.channels.read_channel_slots`) walks every
        slot index on the firmware, which is one of the slowest reads on a screen open — so it
        is well worth reading once. It is best-effort itself (an unsupported firmware yields an
        empty list rather than raising), and that result is cached as-is.

        Returns:
            One :class:`~meshterm.ui.channels.ChannelSlot` per configured slot, in index order.
        """
        if self._channels is None:
            async with self._channels_lock:
                if self._channels is None:
                    from ..ui.channels import read_channel_slots

                    device = await self._ctx.device()
                    self._channels = await read_channel_slots(device)
        return self._channels

    async def channel_capacity(self) -> int:
        """Return the device's channel-slot capacity, discovered once and held for the session.

        The capacity is a fixed firmware build constant, so it is probed once and reused. The
        probe (:meth:`~meshterm.core.connection.Device.channel_capacity`) reads slots upward
        until the firmware rejects an index; on firmware that *never* rejects one it walks up
        to :data:`~meshterm.core.channels.CHANNEL_SLOT_PROBE_CAP` slots — one of the slowest
        reads on a screen open, and paid on *every* open of the channel manager before this
        cache. Unlike the configured-slot list it cannot be safely bounded by a run of empty
        slots (it must reach a larger firmware's real ceiling), so it is bounded by caching:
        held until :meth:`reset` (a reconnect re-reads it) rather than invalidated on a channel
        edit, since editing a channel never changes how many slots the hardware has.

        Returns:
            The number of addressable channel slots the firmware exposes.
        """
        if self._channel_capacity is None:
            async with self._capacity_lock:
                if self._channel_capacity is None:
                    device = await self._ctx.device()
                    self._channel_capacity = await device.channel_capacity()
        return self._channel_capacity

    # -- prewarm (fill the slow caches in the background, off the navigation path) --

    def prewarm(self) -> None:
        """Warm the slow caches (contacts, channel slots, capacity) in the background after connect.

        Called once the session's link is up (see :func:`meshterm.ui.menu._resume_monitor`) so
        the first screen that reads them — Chat, Trace, the Dashboard, the channel manager — is
        served from cache instantly, rather than paying the round-trips in the navigation path
        where the user is waiting on the screen to open. It folds the unavoidable first reads
        into one quiet wait behind the menu instead of surfacing them on the first open.

        The work runs as a tracked background task: **sequential** (never gathered — concurrent
        reads collide on the BLE UART; see the module note), best-effort (a failure just leaves
        the cache cold for a normal lazy fetch later), and cancelled on :meth:`reset` /
        :meth:`aclose`. If a getter is reached before this finishes, it awaits the *same*
        in-flight fetch — the per-fetch locks dedupe — so prewarming never doubles a read.
        """
        self._spawn(self._prewarm())

    async def _prewarm(self) -> None:
        """Fetch the slow caches one after another, swallowing failures (best-effort warm)."""
        for label, fetch in (
            ("contacts", self.contacts),
            ("channel slots", self.channel_slots),
            ("channel capacity", self.channel_capacity),
        ):
            try:
                await fetch()
            except Exception as exc:  # noqa: BLE001 - a warm miss just falls back to a lazy fetch
                self._ctx.log.debug("devstate: prewarm of %s failed: %s", label, exc)

    # -- invalidation (called by the code that writes device state) ------------

    def invalidate_contacts(self) -> None:
        """Drop the cached contacts so the next read re-fetches (e.g. a contact was removed)."""
        self._contacts = None
        self._contacts_at = 0.0

    def invalidate_self_info(self) -> None:
        """Drop the cached self-info — call after writing name/coords/radio/tx power/tuning."""
        self._self_info = None

    def invalidate_path_hash_mode(self) -> None:
        """Drop the cached path-hash mode — call after writing it in the config editor."""
        self._path_hash_mode = None

    def invalidate_channels(self) -> None:
        """Drop the cached channel slots — call after the channel editor saves or clears one."""
        self._channels = None

    def invalidate_config(self) -> None:
        """Drop everything the config editor can change in one call (self-info + routing mode).

        A convenience for the config editor's apply path, which may have written any of the
        self-info fields and/or the path-hash mode; dropping both is cheaper than tracking
        exactly which settings changed.
        """
        self.invalidate_self_info()
        self.invalidate_path_hash_mode()

    def reset(self) -> None:
        """Clear the whole cache and cancel any in-flight background refresh.

        Called on a reconnect: a fresh link should re-read the truth rather than trust facts
        cached against the connection that just dropped.
        """
        self.invalidate_contacts()
        self.invalidate_self_info()
        self.invalidate_path_hash_mode()
        self.invalidate_channels()
        # Capacity is a hardware constant (not touched by channel edits, so it has no per-write
        # invalidator), but a reconnect may be to a different device — drop it too.
        self._channel_capacity = None
        for task in list(self._tasks):
            task.cancel()
        self._tasks.clear()

    async def aclose(self) -> None:
        """Cancel any background refresh at session end (an alias for :meth:`reset`)."""
        self.reset()

    def _spawn(self, coro) -> None:  # type: ignore[no-untyped-def]
        """Run a background refresh as a tracked task so it can be cancelled on reset."""
        task = asyncio.ensure_future(coro)
        self._tasks.add(task)
        task.add_done_callback(self._tasks.discard)